Vaginal Ring

The vaginal ring is a flexible, transparent hormonal contraceptive device that is inserted into the vagina where it continuously releases estrogen and progestin to prevent pregnancy. The ring is approximately 2 inches in diameter and is designed to be self-inserted and removed by the user. It remains in place for three weeks, during which time it releases a steady dose of hormones, and is then removed for one week to allow for menstruation. The ring offers the convenience of monthly rather than daily or weekly dosing while providing the same contraceptive effectiveness as other combined hormonal methods.

The mechanism of action of the vaginal ring is identical to that of combination oral contraceptives and the contraceptive patch. The hormones suppress ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration, and thin the endometrial lining to reduce the likelihood of implantation. The ring delivers hormones through the vaginal tissue directly into the bloodstream, providing consistent hormone levels throughout the three-week period. This steady hormone delivery may result in fewer hormonal fluctuations compared to daily oral contraceptives.

Insertion and removal of the vaginal ring is simple and can be done by the user at home. The ring is compressed and inserted into the vagina similar to inserting a tampon. The exact position is not critical for effectiveness, and most women cannot feel the ring once it's properly placed. If the ring is accidentally expelled (which occurs in about 2-3% of cycles), it should be rinsed with cool water and reinserted as soon as possible. The ring can remain in place during sexual intercourse, though some couples may prefer to remove it temporarily.

Benefits of the vaginal ring include convenience, consistent hormone delivery, and rapid reversibility of fertility after discontinuation. Many women experience improved menstrual regularity and reduced menstrual symptoms. The ring may be preferred by women who want the benefits of combined hormonal contraception but have difficulty remembering to take daily pills or maintaining weekly patch changes. Side effects are similar to other combined hormonal methods and may include irregular bleeding, breast tenderness, nausea, and mood changes. Some women may experience vaginal irritation or increased vaginal discharge. Our patient education ensures proper insertion and removal techniques and helps identify any concerning symptoms that should be reported.